SÍNDROME DE AUTOIMUNIDADE INDUZIDA POR ADJUVANTES (ASIA): UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Introduction: The Autoimmune Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA) is a set of clinical manifestations resulting from the immune self-reactivity of the organism predisposed to certain compounds, the adjuvants. The syndrome consists of an immune response to adjuvants and encompasses other syndromes such as macrophagic myofasciitis, Gulf War syndrome, sick building syndrome, and chronic fatigue syndrome, as well as fibromyalgia, siliconosis, and post-vaccination manifestations. Method: The study is a systematic review. Data were collected from PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. There was no temporal restriction, with articles from 2011 to 2024 selected due to the implementation of the concept in this year. Thirty-five articles were chosen for this review. Results: The study showed that women were more affected by the syndrome, 79.5%, and the average age found was 41 years. The most prevalent causes were breast implants and vaccines, with the most common ones being HPV and COVID-19. Conclusion: ASIA Syndrome lacks comprehensive and scientifically robust studies to establish precise causal relationships with specific adjuvants and their associated clinical manifestations. The lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria leaves room for frequently inaccurate diagnoses. There is a growing need for research to deepen the understanding of the syndrome's etiologies, identify expected signs and symptoms for each adjuvant, improve diagnostic criteria, and explore associated syndromes.